In terms of suicide risk, what does "means reduction" refer to?

Means reduction refers specifically to strategies that aim to reduce access to methods of suicide, thereby mitigating the risk of individuals being able to carry out such acts. This concept is grounded in the understanding that if people are less able to access the means or methods by which they might attempt suicide, the likelihood of fatal outcomes decreases.

Research has shown that limiting access to specific means of suicide, such as firearms or certain medications, can lead to a reduction in suicide rates. For instance, when bridges are modified to prevent jumping or when medications are stored securely to reduce overdoses, these measures can be effective in saving lives.

The other options, while relevant to mental health and supportive practices, do not directly address the concept of means reduction in the context of suicide risk. Preventing mental health disorders, improving interpersonal relationships, and increasing the availability of mental health services are all critical for a holistic approach to mental wellness, but they do not specifically focus on the immediate physical means of carrying out a suicide attempt.